EZ-Homelab/wiki/service-docs/mariadb.md

MariaDB - Database Services

Table of Contents

• Overview
• What is MariaDB?
• Why Use MariaDB?
• Configuration in AI-Homelab
• Official Resources
• Database Instances in AI-Homelab
• Management

Overview

Category: Relational Database
Docker Image: mariadb
Default Stack: productivity.yml (multiple instances)
Ports: 3306 (internal, not exposed)

What is MariaDB?

MariaDB is a drop-in replacement for MySQL, created by MySQL's original developers after Oracle acquired MySQL. It's a fast, reliable relational database used by millions of applications. In AI-Homelab, separate MariaDB instances serve different applications.

Key Features

• MySQL Compatible: Drop-in replacement
• Fast: High performance
• Reliable: ACID compliant
• Standard SQL: Industry standard
• Replication: Master-slave support
• Hot Backups: Online backups
• Storage Engines: Multiple engines
• Free & Open Source: GPL license

Why Use MariaDB?

1. MySQL Alternative: Better governance than Oracle MySQL
2. Performance: Often faster than MySQL
3. Compatible: Works with MySQL applications
4. Open Source: Truly community-driven
5. Stable: Production-ready
6. Standard: SQL standard compliance
7. Support: Wide adoption

Configuration in AI-Homelab

Database Instances

AI-Homelab uses separate MariaDB containers for each application to ensure:

• Isolation: App failures don't affect others
• Backup Independence: Backup apps separately
• Resource Control: Per-app resource limits
• Version Control: Different versions if needed

Official Resources

• Website: https://mariadb.org
• Documentation: https://mariadb.com/kb/en/documentation
• Docker Hub: https://hub.docker.com/_/mariadb

Database Instances in AI-Homelab

1. Nextcloud Database (nextcloud-db)

nextcloud-db:
  image: mariadb:latest
  container_name: nextcloud-db
  restart: unless-stopped
  networks:
    - traefik-network
  environment:
    - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${NEXTCLOUD_DB_ROOT_PASSWORD}
    - MYSQL_DATABASE=nextcloud
    - MYSQL_USER=nextcloud
    - MYSQL_PASSWORD=${NEXTCLOUD_DB_PASSWORD}
  volumes:
    - /opt/stacks/productivity/nextcloud-db/data:/var/lib/mysql
  command: --transaction-isolation=READ-COMMITTED --binlog-format=ROW

Purpose: Nextcloud file storage metadata
Location: /opt/stacks/productivity/nextcloud-db/data
Special: Requires specific transaction isolation

2. WordPress Database (wordpress-db)

wordpress-db:
  image: mariadb:latest
  container_name: wordpress-db
  restart: unless-stopped
  networks:
    - traefik-network
  environment:
    - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${WP_DB_ROOT_PASSWORD}
    - MYSQL_DATABASE=wordpress
    - MYSQL_USER=wordpress
    - MYSQL_PASSWORD=${WP_DB_PASSWORD}
  volumes:
    - /opt/stacks/productivity/wordpress-db/data:/var/lib/mysql

Purpose: WordPress content and configuration
Location: /opt/stacks/productivity/wordpress-db/data

3. BookStack Database (bookstack-db)

bookstack-db:
  image: mariadb:latest
  container_name: bookstack-db
  restart: unless-stopped
  networks:
    - traefik-network
  environment:
    - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${BOOKSTACK_DB_ROOT_PASSWORD}
    - MYSQL_DATABASE=bookstack
    - MYSQL_USER=bookstack
    - MYSQL_PASSWORD=${BOOKSTACK_DB_PASSWORD}
  volumes:
    - /opt/stacks/productivity/bookstack-db/data:/var/lib/mysql

Purpose: BookStack knowledge base content
Location: /opt/stacks/productivity/bookstack-db/data

4. MediaWiki Database (mediawiki-db)

mediawiki-db:
  image: mariadb:latest
  container_name: mediawiki-db
  restart: unless-stopped
  networks:
    - traefik-network
  environment:
    - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${MEDIAWIKI_DB_ROOT_PASSWORD}
    - MYSQL_DATABASE=mediawiki
    - MYSQL_USER=mediawiki
    - MYSQL_PASSWORD=${MEDIAWIKI_DB_PASSWORD}
  volumes:
    - /opt/stacks/productivity/mediawiki-db/data:/var/lib/mysql

Purpose: MediaWiki wiki content
Location: /opt/stacks/productivity/mediawiki-db/data

Management

Access Database

# Connect to database
docker exec -it nextcloud-db mysql -u nextcloud -p

# Or as root
docker exec -it nextcloud-db mysql -u root -p

Backup Database

# Backup single database
docker exec nextcloud-db mysqldump -u root -p${ROOT_PASSWORD} nextcloud > nextcloud-backup.sql

# Backup all databases
docker exec nextcloud-db mysqldump -u root -p${ROOT_PASSWORD} --all-databases > all-dbs-backup.sql

# Restore database
docker exec -i nextcloud-db mysql -u root -p${ROOT_PASSWORD} nextcloud < nextcloud-backup.sql

Check Database Size

# Check size
docker exec -it nextcloud-db mysql -u root -p -e "
SELECT 
  table_schema AS 'Database',
  ROUND(SUM(data_length + index_length) / 1024 / 1024, 2) AS 'Size (MB)'
FROM information_schema.TABLES
GROUP BY table_schema;"

Optimize Database

# Optimize all tables
docker exec nextcloud-db mysqlcheck -u root -p --optimize --all-databases

Summary

MariaDB provides reliable database services for:

• Nextcloud (file metadata)
• WordPress (content management)
• BookStack (knowledge base)
• MediaWiki (wiki content)
• Future applications

Key Points:

• Separate container per application
• Isolated for reliability
• Standard MySQL compatibility
• ACID compliance
• Easy backup/restore
• Low resource usage
• Production-ready

Remember:

• Use strong passwords
• Regular backups critical
• Monitor disk space
• Optimize periodically
• Update carefully
• Test backups work
• Separate containers = better isolation

MariaDB powers your data-driven applications!