Wiki major update
updated with recent documentation
This commit is contained in:
kelinfoxy
251
wiki/service-docs/duckdns.md
Normal file
251
wiki/service-docs/duckdns.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
|
||||
# DuckDNS - Dynamic DNS Service
|
||||
|
||||
## Table of Contents
|
||||
- [Overview](#overview)
|
||||
- [What is DuckDNS?](#what-is-duckdns)
|
||||
- [Why Use DuckDNS?](#why-use-duckdns)
|
||||
- [How It Works](#how-it-works)
|
||||
- [Configuration in AI-Homelab](#configuration-in-ai-homelab)
|
||||
- [Official Resources](#official-resources)
|
||||
- [Educational Resources](#educational-resources)
|
||||
- [Docker Configuration](#docker-configuration)
|
||||
- [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting)
|
||||
|
||||
## Overview
|
||||
|
||||
**Category:** Core Infrastructure
|
||||
**Docker Image:** [linuxserver/duckdns](https://hub.docker.com/r/linuxserver/duckdns)
|
||||
**Default Stack:** `core.yml`
|
||||
**Web UI:** No web interface (runs silently)
|
||||
**Authentication:** Not applicable
|
||||
|
||||
## What is DuckDNS?
|
||||
|
||||
DuckDNS is a free dynamic DNS (DDNS) service that provides you with a memorable subdomain under `duckdns.org` and keeps it updated with your current IP address. It's perfect for homelabs where your ISP provides a dynamic IP address that changes periodically.
|
||||
|
||||
### Key Features
|
||||
- **Free subdomain** under duckdns.org
|
||||
- **Automatic IP updates** every 5 minutes
|
||||
- **No account required** - simple token-based authentication
|
||||
- **IPv4 and IPv6 support**
|
||||
- **No ads or tracking**
|
||||
- **Works with Let's Encrypt** for SSL certificates
|
||||
|
||||
## Why Use DuckDNS?
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Access Your Homelab Remotely:** Use a memorable domain name instead of remembering IP addresses
|
||||
2. **SSL Certificates:** Required for Let's Encrypt to issue SSL certificates for your domain
|
||||
3. **Dynamic IP Handling:** Automatically updates when your ISP changes your IP
|
||||
4. **Free and Simple:** No credit card, no complex setup
|
||||
5. **Homelab Standard:** One of the most popular DDNS services in the homelab community
|
||||
|
||||
## How It Works
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
Your Home Network → Router (Dynamic IP) → Internet
|
||||
↓
|
||||
DuckDNS Updates
|
||||
↓
|
||||
yourdomain.duckdns.org → Current IP
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
1. You create a subdomain at DuckDNS.org (e.g., `myhomelab.duckdns.org`)
|
||||
2. DuckDNS gives you a token
|
||||
3. The Docker container periodically sends updates to DuckDNS with your current public IP
|
||||
4. When someone visits `myhomelab.duckdns.org`, they're directed to your current IP
|
||||
5. Traefik uses this domain to request SSL certificates from Let's Encrypt
|
||||
|
||||
## Configuration in AI-Homelab
|
||||
|
||||
### Environment Variables
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
DOMAIN=yourdomain.duckdns.org
|
||||
DUCKDNS_TOKEN=your-token-from-duckdns
|
||||
DUCKDNS_SUBDOMAINS=yourdomain # Without .duckdns.org
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Setup Steps
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Sign up at DuckDNS.org:**
|
||||
- Visit https://www.duckdns.org
|
||||
- Sign in with GitHub, Google, Reddit, or Twitter
|
||||
- No registration form needed
|
||||
|
||||
2. **Create your subdomain:**
|
||||
- Enter desired name (e.g., `myhomelab`)
|
||||
- Click "Add domain"
|
||||
- Copy your token (shown at top of page)
|
||||
|
||||
3. **Configure in `.env` file:**
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
DOMAIN=myhomelab.duckdns.org
|
||||
DUCKDNS_TOKEN=paste-your-token-here
|
||||
DUCKDNS_SUBDOMAINS=myhomelab
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
4. **Deploy with core stack:**
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
cd /opt/stacks/core
|
||||
docker compose up -d duckdns
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Verification
|
||||
|
||||
Check if DuckDNS is updating correctly:
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Check container logs
|
||||
docker logs duckdns
|
||||
|
||||
# Verify your domain resolves
|
||||
nslookup yourdomain.duckdns.org
|
||||
|
||||
# Check current IP
|
||||
curl https://www.duckdns.org/update?domains=yourdomain&token=your-token&verbose=true
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Official Resources
|
||||
|
||||
- **Website:** https://www.duckdns.org
|
||||
- **Install Page:** https://www.duckdns.org/install.jsp
|
||||
- **FAQ:** https://www.duckdns.org/faqs.jsp
|
||||
- **Docker Hub:** https://hub.docker.com/r/linuxserver/duckdns
|
||||
- **LinuxServer.io Docs:** https://docs.linuxserver.io/images/docker-duckdns
|
||||
|
||||
## Educational Resources
|
||||
|
||||
### Videos
|
||||
- [What is Dynamic DNS? (NetworkChuck)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GRvFQfgvhag) - Great overview of DDNS concepts
|
||||
- [DuckDNS Setup Tutorial (Techno Tim)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AS1I7tGp2c8) - Practical setup guide
|
||||
- [Home Lab Beginners Guide - DuckDNS](https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=duckdns+homelab+tutorial)
|
||||
|
||||
### Articles & Guides
|
||||
- [DuckDNS Official Documentation](https://www.duckdns.org/spec.jsp)
|
||||
- [Self-Hosting Guide: Dynamic DNS](https://github.com/awesome-selfhosted/awesome-selfhosted#dynamic-dns)
|
||||
- [LinuxServer.io DuckDNS Documentation](https://docs.linuxserver.io/images/docker-duckdns)
|
||||
|
||||
### Related Concepts
|
||||
- **Dynamic DNS (DDNS):** A service that maps a domain name to a changing IP address
|
||||
- **Public IP vs Private IP:** Your router's public-facing IP vs internal network IPs
|
||||
- **DNS Propagation:** Time it takes for DNS changes to spread across the internet
|
||||
- **A Record:** DNS record type that maps domain to IPv4 address
|
||||
- **AAAA Record:** DNS record type that maps domain to IPv6 address
|
||||
|
||||
## Docker Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
### Container Details
|
||||
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
duckdns:
|
||||
image: lscr.io/linuxserver/duckdns:latest
|
||||
container_name: duckdns
|
||||
restart: unless-stopped
|
||||
environment:
|
||||
- PUID=${PUID:-1000}
|
||||
- PGID=${PGID:-1000}
|
||||
- TZ=${TZ}
|
||||
- SUBDOMAINS=${DUCKDNS_SUBDOMAINS}
|
||||
- TOKEN=${DUCKDNS_TOKEN}
|
||||
- UPDATE_IP=ipv4
|
||||
volumes:
|
||||
- /opt/stacks/core/duckdns:/config
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Update Frequency
|
||||
|
||||
The DuckDNS container updates your IP every 5 minutes by default. This is frequent enough for most use cases.
|
||||
|
||||
### Resource Usage
|
||||
|
||||
- **CPU:** Minimal (~0.1%)
|
||||
- **RAM:** ~10MB
|
||||
- **Disk:** Negligible
|
||||
- **Network:** Tiny API calls every 5 minutes
|
||||
|
||||
## Troubleshooting
|
||||
|
||||
### Domain Not Resolving
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Check if DuckDNS is updating
|
||||
docker logs duckdns
|
||||
|
||||
# Manually check current status
|
||||
curl "https://www.duckdns.org/update?domains=yourdomain&token=your-token&verbose=true"
|
||||
|
||||
# Expected response: OK or KO (with details)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Wrong IP Being Updated
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Check what IP DuckDNS sees
|
||||
curl https://www.duckdns.org/update?domains=yourdomain&token=your-token&ip=&verbose=true
|
||||
|
||||
# Check your actual public IP
|
||||
curl ifconfig.me
|
||||
|
||||
# If different, check router port forwarding
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Token Issues
|
||||
|
||||
- **Invalid Token:** Regenerate token at DuckDNS.org
|
||||
- **Token Not Working:** Check for extra spaces in `.env` file
|
||||
- **Multiple Domains:** Separate with commas: `domain1,domain2`
|
||||
|
||||
### Let's Encrypt Issues
|
||||
|
||||
If SSL certificates fail:
|
||||
1. Verify DuckDNS is updating correctly
|
||||
2. Check domain propagation: `nslookup yourdomain.duckdns.org`
|
||||
3. Ensure ports 80 and 443 are forwarded to your server
|
||||
4. Wait 10-15 minutes for DNS propagation
|
||||
|
||||
## Integration with Other Services
|
||||
|
||||
### Traefik
|
||||
|
||||
Traefik uses your DuckDNS domain for:
|
||||
- Generating SSL certificates via Let's Encrypt
|
||||
- Routing incoming HTTPS traffic to services
|
||||
- Creating service-specific subdomains (e.g., `plex.yourdomain.duckdns.org`)
|
||||
|
||||
### Let's Encrypt
|
||||
|
||||
Let's Encrypt requires:
|
||||
1. A publicly accessible domain (provided by DuckDNS)
|
||||
2. DNS validation or HTTP challenge
|
||||
3. Ports 80/443 accessible from the internet
|
||||
|
||||
### Port Forwarding
|
||||
|
||||
On your router, forward these ports to your server:
|
||||
- Port 80 (HTTP) → Your Server IP
|
||||
- Port 443 (HTTPS) → Your Server IP
|
||||
|
||||
## Alternatives to DuckDNS
|
||||
|
||||
- **No-IP:** Similar free DDNS service (requires monthly confirmation)
|
||||
- **FreeDNS:** Another free option
|
||||
- **Cloudflare:** Requires owning a domain, but adds CDN benefits
|
||||
- **Custom Domain + Cloudflare:** More professional but requires purchasing domain
|
||||
|
||||
## Best Practices
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Keep Your Token Secret:** Don't share or commit to public repositories
|
||||
2. **Use One Domain:** Multiple domains complicate SSL certificates
|
||||
3. **Monitor Logs:** Occasionally check logs to ensure updates are working
|
||||
4. **Router Backup:** Save your router config in case you need to reconfigure port forwarding
|
||||
5. **Alternative DDNS:** Consider having a backup DDNS service
|
||||
|
||||
## Summary
|
||||
|
||||
DuckDNS is the foundational service that makes your homelab accessible from the internet. It provides:
|
||||
- A memorable domain name for your homelab
|
||||
- Automatic IP updates when your ISP changes your address
|
||||
- Integration with Let's Encrypt for SSL certificates
|
||||
- Simple, free, and reliable service
|
||||
|
||||
Without DuckDNS (or similar DDNS), you would need to use your IP address directly and manually update SSL certificates - making remote access and HTTPS much more difficult.
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user