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====== Glances ======
Glances is a cross-platform system monitoring tool that provides real-time information about your system's performance, resources, and running processes. It offers a web-based interface for monitoring system health and performance metrics.
===== Overview =====
**Purpose:** System and container monitoring
**URL:** https://glances.yourdomain.duckdns.org
**Authentication:** Authelia SSO protected
**Deployment:** Infrastructure stack
**Interface:** Web-based monitoring dashboard
===== Key Features =====
**System Monitoring:**
* **CPU Usage**: Real-time CPU utilization
* **Memory Usage**: RAM and swap monitoring
* **Disk I/O**: Storage read/write operations
* **Network I/O**: Network traffic monitoring
**Container Monitoring:**
* **Docker Stats**: Container resource usage
* **Container Health**: Status and health checks
* **Process Monitoring**: Running processes
* **Service Status**: Application service monitoring
**Performance Metrics:**
* **Load Average**: System load over time
* **Temperature**: CPU and system temperatures
* **Fan Speed**: Cooling system monitoring
* **Power Usage**: System power consumption
===== Configuration =====
**Container Configuration:**
```yaml
services:
glances:
image: nicolargo/glances:latest
container_name: glances
restart: unless-stopped
pid: host
environment:
- GLANCES_OPT=-w
- GLANCES_OPT_WEBserver=true
volumes:
- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
- /etc/os-release:/etc/os-release:ro
- /proc:/host/proc:ro
- /sys:/host/sys:ro
networks:
- traefik-network
deploy:
resources:
limits:
cpus: '0.3'
memory: 128M
reservations:
cpus: '0.05'
memory: 32M
labels:
- "traefik.enable=true"
- "traefik.http.routers.glances.rule=Host(`glances.${DOMAIN}`)"
- "traefik.http.routers.glances.entrypoints=websecure"
- "traefik.http.routers.glances.tls.certresolver=letsencrypt"
- "traefik.http.routers.glances.middlewares=authelia@docker"
- "traefik.http.services.glances.loadbalancer.server.port=61208"
- "x-dockge.url=https://glances.${DOMAIN}"
```
**Command Line Options:**
```bash
# Web server mode
GLANCES_OPT=-w
# Additional options
GLANCES_OPT=-w --disable-webui-password --enable-process-extended
# Custom refresh interval
GLANCES_OPT=-w --time 5
# Disable specific plugins
GLANCES_OPT=-w --disable cpu --disable mem
```
===== Interface Overview =====
**Main Dashboard:**
* **System Overview**: CPU, memory, disk, network
* **Container List**: Docker container statistics
* **Process List**: Top running processes
* **Alerts Panel**: System alerts and warnings
**Navigation Tabs:**
* **System**: Core system metrics
* **Docker**: Container monitoring
* **Processes**: Process management
* **Alerts**: System alerts and thresholds
* **Filesystem**: Disk usage and I/O
**Real-time Updates:**
* **Auto-refresh**: Configurable update intervals
* **Live Charts**: Real-time performance graphs
* **Color Coding**: Status-based color indicators
* **Threshold Alerts**: Configurable warning levels
===== System Monitoring =====
**CPU Monitoring:**
* **Usage Percentage**: Overall CPU utilization
* **Per-Core Usage**: Individual core monitoring
* **Load Average**: 1, 5, 15-minute averages
* **CPU Frequency**: Current clock speeds
**Memory Monitoring:**
* **RAM Usage**: Physical memory utilization
* **Swap Usage**: Swap file/page file usage
* **Memory Pressure**: System memory pressure
* **Cache Statistics**: Buffer and cache usage
**Disk Monitoring:**
* **Usage Percentage**: Filesystem utilization
* **I/O Operations**: Read/write operations per second
* **Transfer Rates**: Data transfer speeds
* **Disk Health**: S.M.A.R.T. status (if available)
**Network Monitoring:**
* **Interface Statistics**: Per-interface traffic
* **Connection Count**: Active network connections
* **Bandwidth Usage**: Upload/download rates
* **Network Errors**: Packet loss and errors
===== Container Monitoring =====
**Docker Integration:**
* **Container List**: All running containers
* **Resource Usage**: CPU, memory per container
* **Network Stats**: Container network traffic
* **Health Status**: Container health checks
**Container Details:**
* **Image Information**: Base image and version
* **Port Mappings**: Exposed ports
* **Volume Mounts**: Attached volumes
* **Environment Variables**: Container configuration
**Performance Metrics:**
* **CPU Shares**: CPU allocation and usage
* **Memory Limits**: Memory constraints and usage
* **Network I/O**: Container network traffic
* **Disk I/O**: Container storage operations
===== Process Monitoring =====
**Process List:**
* **Top Processes**: Most resource-intensive processes
* **Process Tree**: Parent-child process relationships
* **User Processes**: Per-user process listing
* **System Processes**: Kernel and system processes
**Process Details:**
* **CPU Usage**: Per-process CPU consumption
* **Memory Usage**: RAM and virtual memory
* **I/O Operations**: Disk read/write activity
* **Network Activity**: Network connections
**Process Management:**
* **Kill Process**: Terminate problematic processes
* **Change Priority**: Adjust process nice levels
* **Resource Limits**: Set process resource limits
* **Process Groups**: Group related processes
===== Alert System =====
**Threshold Configuration:**
```yaml
# Alert thresholds (environment variables)
GLANCES_OPT=-w --alert cpu>80,mem>90,disk>85
```
**Alert Types:**
* **CPU Alerts**: High CPU usage warnings
* **Memory Alerts**: Memory pressure alerts
* **Disk Alerts**: Storage space warnings
* **Network Alerts**: Bandwidth threshold alerts
**Alert Actions:**
* **Visual Indicators**: Color-coded alerts
* **Sound Alerts**: Audio notifications
* **Email Notifications**: SMTP alerts
* **Webhook Integration**: External alert systems
===== Advanced Configuration =====
**Custom Plugins:**
```yaml
# Enable additional plugins
GLANCES_OPT=-w --enable-plugin sensors --enable-plugin gpu
```
**Export Options:**
```yaml
# Export to various formats
GLANCES_OPT=-w --export csv --export-csv-file /data/stats.csv
GLANCES_OPT=-w --export influxdb --export-influxdb-host localhost
```
**Remote Monitoring:**
```yaml
# Monitor remote systems
GLANCES_OPT=-w --client localhost:61209
```
**Configuration File:**
```yaml
# glances.conf
[main]
refresh=2
history_size=1200
[cpu]
user_careful=50
user_warning=70
user_critical=90
```
===== Security Considerations =====
**Access Control:**
* **Authelia Protection**: SSO authentication required
* **Network Isolation**: Container network restrictions
* **Read-only Access**: Limited system access
* **Audit Logging**: Monitor access patterns
**Data Protection:**
* **Sensitive Data**: Avoid exposing sensitive information
* **Encryption**: Secure data transmission
* **Access Logging**: Track monitoring access
* **Privacy Controls**: Limit exposed system information
===== Performance Optimization =====
**Resource Management:**
```yaml
deploy:
resources:
limits:
cpus: '0.3'
memory: 128M
reservations:
cpus: '0.05'
memory: 32M
```
**Monitoring Optimization:**
* **Refresh Rate**: Balance between real-time and performance
* **Data Retention**: Configure historical data limits
* **Plugin Selection**: Enable only needed monitoring plugins
* **Caching**: Use efficient data caching
===== Troubleshooting =====
**Connection Issues:**
```bash
# Check web interface
curl -k https://glances.yourdomain.duckdns.org
# Verify port accessibility
netstat -tlnp | grep 61208
# Check container logs
docker logs glances
```
**Monitoring Problems:**
* **No Data Showing**: Check system permissions
* **High Resource Usage**: Adjust refresh rates
* **Missing Metrics**: Enable required plugins
* **Inaccurate Data**: Verify system compatibility
**Docker Integration Issues:**
* **Socket Access**: Verify Docker socket permissions
* **Container Detection**: Check Docker API access
* **Permission Errors**: Adjust container privileges
* **Network Issues**: Check container networking
**Performance Issues:**
* **High CPU Usage**: Reduce refresh frequency
* **Memory Leaks**: Monitor memory consumption
* **Disk I/O**: Optimize data storage
* **Network Latency**: Check network performance
**Troubleshooting Steps:**
1. **Check logs**: `docker logs glances`
2. **Verify configuration**: Test command line options
3. **Test connectivity**: Check web interface access
4. **Monitor resources**: Track system resource usage
5. **Restart service**: `docker restart glances`
===== Integration with Monitoring Stack =====
**Prometheus Integration:**
```yaml
# Export metrics to Prometheus
GLANCES_OPT=-w --export prometheus --export-prometheus-port 9091
```
**Grafana Dashboards:**
* **System Overview**: CPU, memory, disk, network
* **Container Metrics**: Docker container statistics
* **Process Monitoring**: Top processes and resource usage
* **Historical Trends**: Performance over time
**Alert Manager Integration:**
* **Threshold Alerts**: Configurable alert rules
* **Notification Channels**: Email, Slack, webhook alerts
* **Escalation Policies**: Multi-level alert handling
* **Silence Management**: Alert suppression rules
===== Best Practices =====
**Monitoring Strategy:**
* **Key Metrics**: Focus on critical system metrics
* **Alert Thresholds**: Set appropriate warning levels
* **Baseline Establishment**: Understand normal system behavior
* **Trend Analysis**: Monitor performance trends
**Alert Configuration:**
* **Avoid Alert Fatigue**: Set meaningful thresholds
* **Escalation Paths**: Define alert escalation procedures
* **Maintenance Windows**: Suppress alerts during maintenance
* **Testing**: Regularly test alert functionality
**Performance:**
* **Resource Limits**: Appropriate CPU/memory allocation
* **Refresh Rates**: Balance real-time vs performance
* **Data Retention**: Configure appropriate history
* **Optimization**: Enable only needed features
**Security:**
* **Access Control**: Limit monitoring access
* **Data Protection**: Secure monitoring data
* **Network Security**: Secure monitoring traffic
* **Compliance**: Meet monitoring compliance requirements
===== Use Cases =====
**System Administration:**
* **Performance Monitoring**: Track system health
* **Capacity Planning**: Plan for resource upgrades
* **Troubleshooting**: Diagnose system issues
* **Maintenance Planning**: Schedule maintenance windows
**Container Orchestration:**
* **Resource Allocation**: Monitor container resources
* **Health Checks**: Track container health
* **Scaling Decisions**: Inform scaling decisions
* **Optimization**: Optimize container performance
**Development & Testing:**
* **Application Monitoring**: Monitor application performance
* **Resource Usage**: Track development environment usage
* **Debugging**: Identify performance bottlenecks
* **Testing**: Validate system performance
**Production Monitoring:**
* **SLA Monitoring**: Ensure service level agreements
* **Incident Response**: Quick issue identification
* **Root Cause Analysis**: Analyze system incidents
* **Reporting**: Generate performance reports
===== Keyboard Shortcuts =====
**Navigation:**
* **Tab**: Switch between sections
* **Arrow Keys**: Navigate lists and menus
* **Enter**: Select item or open details
* **Esc**: Close dialogs or return to main view
**Actions:**
* **R**: Refresh data
* **S**: Sort current list
* **F**: Filter/search
* **H**: Show help
**Views:**
* **1-9**: Switch to specific tabs
* **C**: Container view
* **P**: Process view
* **A**: Alerts view
Glances provides comprehensive system and container monitoring with an intuitive web interface, essential for maintaining your homelab's health and performance.
**Next:** Learn about [[services:infrastructure:watchtower|Watchtower]] or explore [[architecture:monitoring|Monitoring Architecture]].