Add ez-assistant and kerberos service folders
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docker-compose/ez-assistant/docs/install/docker.md
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docker-compose/ez-assistant/docs/install/docker.md
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---
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summary: "Optional Docker-based setup and onboarding for Moltbot"
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read_when:
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- You want a containerized gateway instead of local installs
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- You are validating the Docker flow
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---
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# Docker (optional)
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Docker is **optional**. Use it only if you want a containerized gateway or to validate the Docker flow.
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## Is Docker right for me?
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- **Yes**: you want an isolated, throwaway gateway environment or to run Moltbot on a host without local installs.
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- **No**: you’re running on your own machine and just want the fastest dev loop. Use the normal install flow instead.
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- **Sandboxing note**: agent sandboxing uses Docker too, but it does **not** require the full gateway to run in Docker. See [Sandboxing](/gateway/sandboxing).
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This guide covers:
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- Containerized Gateway (full Moltbot in Docker)
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- Per-session Agent Sandbox (host gateway + Docker-isolated agent tools)
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Sandboxing details: [Sandboxing](/gateway/sandboxing)
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## Requirements
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- Docker Desktop (or Docker Engine) + Docker Compose v2
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- Enough disk for images + logs
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## Containerized Gateway (Docker Compose)
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### Quick start (recommended)
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From repo root:
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```bash
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./docker-setup.sh
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```
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This script:
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- builds the gateway image
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- runs the onboarding wizard
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- prints optional provider setup hints
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- starts the gateway via Docker Compose
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- generates a gateway token and writes it to `.env`
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Optional env vars:
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- `CLAWDBOT_DOCKER_APT_PACKAGES` — install extra apt packages during build
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- `CLAWDBOT_EXTRA_MOUNTS` — add extra host bind mounts
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- `CLAWDBOT_HOME_VOLUME` — persist `/home/node` in a named volume
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After it finishes:
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- Open `http://127.0.0.1:18789/` in your browser.
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- Paste the token into the Control UI (Settings → token).
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It writes config/workspace on the host:
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- `~/.clawdbot/`
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- `~/clawd`
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Running on a VPS? See [Hetzner (Docker VPS)](/platforms/hetzner).
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### Manual flow (compose)
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```bash
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docker build -t moltbot:local -f Dockerfile .
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docker compose run --rm moltbot-cli onboard
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docker compose up -d moltbot-gateway
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```
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### Extra mounts (optional)
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If you want to mount additional host directories into the containers, set
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`CLAWDBOT_EXTRA_MOUNTS` before running `docker-setup.sh`. This accepts a
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comma-separated list of Docker bind mounts and applies them to both
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`moltbot-gateway` and `moltbot-cli` by generating `docker-compose.extra.yml`.
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Example:
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```bash
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export CLAWDBOT_EXTRA_MOUNTS="$HOME/.codex:/home/node/.codex:ro,$HOME/github:/home/node/github:rw"
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./docker-setup.sh
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```
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Notes:
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- Paths must be shared with Docker Desktop on macOS/Windows.
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- If you edit `CLAWDBOT_EXTRA_MOUNTS`, rerun `docker-setup.sh` to regenerate the
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extra compose file.
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- `docker-compose.extra.yml` is generated. Don’t hand-edit it.
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### Persist the entire container home (optional)
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If you want `/home/node` to persist across container recreation, set a named
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volume via `CLAWDBOT_HOME_VOLUME`. This creates a Docker volume and mounts it at
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`/home/node`, while keeping the standard config/workspace bind mounts. Use a
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named volume here (not a bind path); for bind mounts, use
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`CLAWDBOT_EXTRA_MOUNTS`.
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Example:
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```bash
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export CLAWDBOT_HOME_VOLUME="moltbot_home"
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./docker-setup.sh
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```
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You can combine this with extra mounts:
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```bash
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export CLAWDBOT_HOME_VOLUME="moltbot_home"
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export CLAWDBOT_EXTRA_MOUNTS="$HOME/.codex:/home/node/.codex:ro,$HOME/github:/home/node/github:rw"
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./docker-setup.sh
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```
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Notes:
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- If you change `CLAWDBOT_HOME_VOLUME`, rerun `docker-setup.sh` to regenerate the
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extra compose file.
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- The named volume persists until removed with `docker volume rm <name>`.
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### Install extra apt packages (optional)
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If you need system packages inside the image (for example, build tools or media
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libraries), set `CLAWDBOT_DOCKER_APT_PACKAGES` before running `docker-setup.sh`.
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This installs the packages during the image build, so they persist even if the
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container is deleted.
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Example:
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```bash
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export CLAWDBOT_DOCKER_APT_PACKAGES="ffmpeg build-essential"
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./docker-setup.sh
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```
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Notes:
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- This accepts a space-separated list of apt package names.
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- If you change `CLAWDBOT_DOCKER_APT_PACKAGES`, rerun `docker-setup.sh` to rebuild
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the image.
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### Faster rebuilds (recommended)
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To speed up rebuilds, order your Dockerfile so dependency layers are cached.
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This avoids re-running `pnpm install` unless lockfiles change:
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```dockerfile
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FROM node:22-bookworm
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# Install Bun (required for build scripts)
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RUN curl -fsSL https://bun.sh/install | bash
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ENV PATH="/root/.bun/bin:${PATH}"
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RUN corepack enable
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WORKDIR /app
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# Cache dependencies unless package metadata changes
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COPY package.json pnpm-lock.yaml pnpm-workspace.yaml .npmrc ./
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COPY ui/package.json ./ui/package.json
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COPY scripts ./scripts
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RUN pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
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COPY . .
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RUN pnpm build
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RUN pnpm ui:install
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RUN pnpm ui:build
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ENV NODE_ENV=production
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CMD ["node","dist/index.js"]
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```
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### Channel setup (optional)
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Use the CLI container to configure channels, then restart the gateway if needed.
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WhatsApp (QR):
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```bash
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docker compose run --rm moltbot-cli channels login
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```
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Telegram (bot token):
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```bash
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docker compose run --rm moltbot-cli channels add --channel telegram --token "<token>"
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```
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Discord (bot token):
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```bash
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docker compose run --rm moltbot-cli channels add --channel discord --token "<token>"
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```
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Docs: [WhatsApp](/channels/whatsapp), [Telegram](/channels/telegram), [Discord](/channels/discord)
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### Health check
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```bash
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docker compose exec moltbot-gateway node dist/index.js health --token "$CLAWDBOT_GATEWAY_TOKEN"
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```
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### E2E smoke test (Docker)
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```bash
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scripts/e2e/onboard-docker.sh
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```
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### QR import smoke test (Docker)
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```bash
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pnpm test:docker:qr
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```
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### Notes
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- Gateway bind defaults to `lan` for container use.
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- The gateway container is the source of truth for sessions (`~/.clawdbot/agents/<agentId>/sessions/`).
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## Agent Sandbox (host gateway + Docker tools)
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Deep dive: [Sandboxing](/gateway/sandboxing)
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### What it does
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When `agents.defaults.sandbox` is enabled, **non-main sessions** run tools inside a Docker
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container. The gateway stays on your host, but the tool execution is isolated:
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- scope: `"agent"` by default (one container + workspace per agent)
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- scope: `"session"` for per-session isolation
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- per-scope workspace folder mounted at `/workspace`
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- optional agent workspace access (`agents.defaults.sandbox.workspaceAccess`)
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- allow/deny tool policy (deny wins)
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- inbound media is copied into the active sandbox workspace (`media/inbound/*`) so tools can read it (with `workspaceAccess: "rw"`, this lands in the agent workspace)
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Warning: `scope: "shared"` disables cross-session isolation. All sessions share
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one container and one workspace.
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### Per-agent sandbox profiles (multi-agent)
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If you use multi-agent routing, each agent can override sandbox + tool settings:
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`agents.list[].sandbox` and `agents.list[].tools` (plus `agents.list[].tools.sandbox.tools`). This lets you run
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mixed access levels in one gateway:
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- Full access (personal agent)
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- Read-only tools + read-only workspace (family/work agent)
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- No filesystem/shell tools (public agent)
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See [Multi-Agent Sandbox & Tools](/multi-agent-sandbox-tools) for examples,
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precedence, and troubleshooting.
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### Default behavior
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- Image: `moltbot-sandbox:bookworm-slim`
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- One container per agent
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- Agent workspace access: `workspaceAccess: "none"` (default) uses `~/.clawdbot/sandboxes`
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- `"ro"` keeps the sandbox workspace at `/workspace` and mounts the agent workspace read-only at `/agent` (disables `write`/`edit`/`apply_patch`)
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- `"rw"` mounts the agent workspace read/write at `/workspace`
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- Auto-prune: idle > 24h OR age > 7d
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- Network: `none` by default (explicitly opt-in if you need egress)
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- Default allow: `exec`, `process`, `read`, `write`, `edit`, `sessions_list`, `sessions_history`, `sessions_send`, `sessions_spawn`, `session_status`
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- Default deny: `browser`, `canvas`, `nodes`, `cron`, `discord`, `gateway`
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### Enable sandboxing
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If you plan to install packages in `setupCommand`, note:
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- Default `docker.network` is `"none"` (no egress).
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- `readOnlyRoot: true` blocks package installs.
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- `user` must be root for `apt-get` (omit `user` or set `user: "0:0"`).
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Moltbot auto-recreates containers when `setupCommand` (or docker config) changes
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unless the container was **recently used** (within ~5 minutes). Hot containers
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log a warning with the exact `moltbot sandbox recreate ...` command.
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```json5
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{
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agents: {
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defaults: {
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sandbox: {
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mode: "non-main", // off | non-main | all
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scope: "agent", // session | agent | shared (agent is default)
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workspaceAccess: "none", // none | ro | rw
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workspaceRoot: "~/.clawdbot/sandboxes",
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docker: {
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image: "moltbot-sandbox:bookworm-slim",
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workdir: "/workspace",
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readOnlyRoot: true,
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tmpfs: ["/tmp", "/var/tmp", "/run"],
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network: "none",
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user: "1000:1000",
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capDrop: ["ALL"],
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env: { LANG: "C.UTF-8" },
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setupCommand: "apt-get update && apt-get install -y git curl jq",
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pidsLimit: 256,
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memory: "1g",
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memorySwap: "2g",
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cpus: 1,
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ulimits: {
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nofile: { soft: 1024, hard: 2048 },
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nproc: 256
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},
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seccompProfile: "/path/to/seccomp.json",
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apparmorProfile: "moltbot-sandbox",
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dns: ["1.1.1.1", "8.8.8.8"],
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extraHosts: ["internal.service:10.0.0.5"]
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},
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prune: {
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idleHours: 24, // 0 disables idle pruning
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maxAgeDays: 7 // 0 disables max-age pruning
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}
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}
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}
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},
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tools: {
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sandbox: {
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tools: {
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allow: ["exec", "process", "read", "write", "edit", "sessions_list", "sessions_history", "sessions_send", "sessions_spawn", "session_status"],
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deny: ["browser", "canvas", "nodes", "cron", "discord", "gateway"]
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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Hardening knobs live under `agents.defaults.sandbox.docker`:
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`network`, `user`, `pidsLimit`, `memory`, `memorySwap`, `cpus`, `ulimits`,
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`seccompProfile`, `apparmorProfile`, `dns`, `extraHosts`.
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Multi-agent: override `agents.defaults.sandbox.{docker,browser,prune}.*` per agent via `agents.list[].sandbox.{docker,browser,prune}.*`
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(ignored when `agents.defaults.sandbox.scope` / `agents.list[].sandbox.scope` is `"shared"`).
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### Build the default sandbox image
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```bash
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scripts/sandbox-setup.sh
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```
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This builds `moltbot-sandbox:bookworm-slim` using `Dockerfile.sandbox`.
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### Sandbox common image (optional)
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If you want a sandbox image with common build tooling (Node, Go, Rust, etc.), build the common image:
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```bash
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scripts/sandbox-common-setup.sh
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```
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This builds `moltbot-sandbox-common:bookworm-slim`. To use it:
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```json5
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{
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agents: { defaults: { sandbox: { docker: { image: "moltbot-sandbox-common:bookworm-slim" } } } }
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}
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```
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### Sandbox browser image
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To run the browser tool inside the sandbox, build the browser image:
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```bash
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scripts/sandbox-browser-setup.sh
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```
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This builds `moltbot-sandbox-browser:bookworm-slim` using
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`Dockerfile.sandbox-browser`. The container runs Chromium with CDP enabled and
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an optional noVNC observer (headful via Xvfb).
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Notes:
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- Headful (Xvfb) reduces bot blocking vs headless.
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- Headless can still be used by setting `agents.defaults.sandbox.browser.headless=true`.
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- No full desktop environment (GNOME) is needed; Xvfb provides the display.
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Use config:
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```json5
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{
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agents: {
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defaults: {
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sandbox: {
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browser: { enabled: true }
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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Custom browser image:
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```json5
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{
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agents: {
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defaults: {
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sandbox: { browser: { image: "my-moltbot-browser" } }
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}
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}
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}
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```
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When enabled, the agent receives:
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- a sandbox browser control URL (for the `browser` tool)
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- a noVNC URL (if enabled and headless=false)
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Remember: if you use an allowlist for tools, add `browser` (and remove it from
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deny) or the tool remains blocked.
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Prune rules (`agents.defaults.sandbox.prune`) apply to browser containers too.
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### Custom sandbox image
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Build your own image and point config to it:
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```bash
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docker build -t my-moltbot-sbx -f Dockerfile.sandbox .
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```
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```json5
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{
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agents: {
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defaults: {
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sandbox: { docker: { image: "my-moltbot-sbx" } }
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### Tool policy (allow/deny)
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- `deny` wins over `allow`.
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- If `allow` is empty: all tools (except deny) are available.
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- If `allow` is non-empty: only tools in `allow` are available (minus deny).
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### Pruning strategy
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Two knobs:
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- `prune.idleHours`: remove containers not used in X hours (0 = disable)
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- `prune.maxAgeDays`: remove containers older than X days (0 = disable)
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Example:
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- Keep busy sessions but cap lifetime:
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`idleHours: 24`, `maxAgeDays: 7`
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- Never prune:
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`idleHours: 0`, `maxAgeDays: 0`
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### Security notes
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- Hard wall only applies to **tools** (exec/read/write/edit/apply_patch).
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- Host-only tools like browser/camera/canvas are blocked by default.
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- Allowing `browser` in sandbox **breaks isolation** (browser runs on host).
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## Troubleshooting
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- Image missing: build with [`scripts/sandbox-setup.sh`](https://github.com/moltbot/moltbot/blob/main/scripts/sandbox-setup.sh) or set `agents.defaults.sandbox.docker.image`.
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- Container not running: it will auto-create per session on demand.
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- Permission errors in sandbox: set `docker.user` to a UID:GID that matches your
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mounted workspace ownership (or chown the workspace folder).
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- Custom tools not found: Moltbot runs commands with `sh -lc` (login shell), which
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sources `/etc/profile` and may reset PATH. Set `docker.env.PATH` to prepend your
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custom tool paths (e.g., `/custom/bin:/usr/local/share/npm-global/bin`), or add
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a script under `/etc/profile.d/` in your Dockerfile.
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||||
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